RESUMO Objetivo: Com o desenvolvimento da economia, a conscientização das pessoas sobre os cuidados com a saúde tem sido continuamente melhorada. O conceito de fitness tem sido continuamente expandido pela população, propiciando o desenvolvimento dessa indústria. Métodos: Como parte importante da estratégia de desenvolvimento de um país moderno e poderoso, as duas estratégias nacionais da National Fitness e da Healthy China oferecem garantias para atender às necessidades das pessoas para uma vida melhor na nova era. Resultados: O basquetebol é rico em diversidade, sua intensidade e carga também são adequadas para pessoas de diferentes idades. Portanto, o basquetebol desempenha um papel ativo e eficaz na realização do programa nacional de aptidão física, melhorando o nível geral do basquetebol chinês e melhorando a saúde física e mental das massas. Exercício apropriado e razoável é a base para assegurar a saúde física, assim a aptidão física nacional se tornou um importante pré-requisito para a saúde nacional, que está intimamente relacionada e é viável de ser integrada. Conclusões: Partindo do significado da integração da aptidão física e saúde nacional, este documento analisa os efeitos do basquetebol na saúde das pessoas em diferentes idades, e apresenta estratégias de orientação correspondentes. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos – investigação de resultados de tratamento.

ABSTRACT Objective: With the development of the economy, people’s awareness of health care has been continuously improved. The concept of fitness has constantly been expanded by the population, propitiating the development of this industry. Methods: As an essential part of the development strategy of a modern and powerful country, the two national strategies of National Fitness and Healthy China provide guarantees to meet people’s needs for a better life in the new era. Results: Basketball is rich in diversity; its intensity and load are also suitable for people of different ages. Therefore, basketball plays an active and effective role in realizing the national physical fitness program, improving the overall level of Chinese basketball, and improving the physical and mental health of the masses. Appropriate and reasonable exercise is the basis for ensuring physical health; thus, national physical fitness has become an essential prerequisite for national health, closely related and feasible to be integrated. Conclusions: Starting from the significance of the integration of physical fitness and national health, this paper analyzes the effects of basketball on people’s health at different ages and presents corresponding guidance strategies. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Con el desarrollo de la economía, la conciencia de la gente sobre los cuidados con la salud ha sido continuamente mejorada. El concepto de fitness ha sido ampliado continuamente por la población, propiciando el desarrollo de esta industria. Métodos: Como parte importante de la estrategia de desarrollo de un país moderno y poderoso, las dos estrategias nacionales de Acondicionamiento Físico Nacional y China Saludable ofrecen garantías para satisfacer las necesidades de la gente para una vida mejor en la nueva era. Resultados: El baloncesto es rico en diversidad, su intensidad y carga también son adecuadas para personas de diferentes edades. Por lo tanto, el baloncesto desempeña un papel activo y eficaz en la realización del programa nacional de acondicionamiento físico, en la mejora del nivel general del baloncesto chino y en la mejora de la salud física y mental de las masas. El ejercicio adecuado y razonable es la base para garantizar la salud física, por lo que la aptitud física nacional se ha convertido en un importante prerrequisito para la salud nacional, que está estrechamente relacionada y es factible de ser integrada. Conclusiones: Partiendo de la importancia de la integración de la aptitud física y la salud nacional, este documento analiza los efectos del baloncesto en la salud de las personas a diferentes edades y presenta las correspondientes estrategias de orientación.Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos – investigación de resultados de tratamiento.

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 1 (ZEB1) regulation by Micro Ribonucleic acid (miR)-448 on Breast Cancer (BC) cells and their sensitivity to chemotherapy. Methods: miR-448 and ZEB1 mRNA levels in BC and normal tissues were detected by qPCR, and ZEB1 protein was detected by Western Blotting (WB). The correlation between miR-448 and tumor metastasis, clinical staging, and ZEB1 expression was analyzed. MCF-7 cells were transfected or co-transfected with the miR-448 mimic, oe-ZEB1, or their negative controls. Changes in miR-448 and ZEB1 expression were detected by qPCR and WB. Cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 assays, invasion changes were analyzed by Transwell assays, and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results: miR-448 expression in BC tissues was lower than that in normal tissues, while ZEB1 expression was increased in the former. ZEB1 expression was lower in BC patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without. In patients with clinical stage I-III BC, miR-448 expression decreased with an increase in tumor stage, which was negatively correlated with ZEB1 expression. Upregulation of miR-448 expression can suppress MCF-7 cell proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis. Upregulation of ZEB1 expression in cells overexpressing miR-448 can partially reverse the inhibition of BC cell growth induced by miR-448. miR-448 can enhance the sensitivity of cells toward paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil. Conclusions: miR-448 suppresses cell proliferation and invasion and promotes apoptosis by targeting ZEB1. Moreover, it can increase the sensitivity of cells toward paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil.

Abstract This study investigated the physical and chemical composition of three jujube fruits cultivated in China. The objective was to explore the effect of jujube genotype and cultivation districts on the quality of jujube fruits. Results showed significant differences on their physical and chemical composition. The Junzao cultivar contained relatively low level on the total dietary fiber, protein, total sugar, and total titratable acids. The Huizao cultivar possessed the mediate level of the sugar-to-acid ratio and ascorbic acid. The Dazao cultivar showed high level of the total dietary fiber, protein, sugar, and total acids. The cultivation districts exerted important roles in altering the physicochemical indexes of the same jujube cultivar. The Junzao cultivar harvested in the Hami and Kashi districts showed the significant difference on the level of the sugar-to-acid ratio and ascorbic acid compared with that in the Akesu and Hetian districts. The Huizao cultivar in the Kashi area possessed higher content of the total soluble dietary fiber than that in the Akesu and Hetain districts. Principal component analysis indicated that the parameters that differentiated these jujube cultivars appeared to be the total dietary fiber, protein, total sugar, fructose, glucose, sucrose, and total titratable acids.

Abstract: Sustainably managed soils can increase soil quality, biodiversity, and reduce soil erosion and nutrient losses. In several regions of China, long-term monocultures such as watermelon are leading to severe degradation of soil biological functions due to contamination by dominant and deleterious microbes, particularly Fusarium spp., resulting in decreased soil productivity and quality. The main goal of this study was to assess a new bio-organic fertilizer in monoculture areas by testing the interactions between Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum and microbial communities to inhibit it. The results showed that the tested organism significantly reduced Fusarium wilt in a watermelon monoculture plantation in China. The rate of wilt incidence following bio-fertilizer treatment was decreased by 70% at 63 days and the Fusarium counts in the watermelon rhizosphere declined too. Moreover, total abundance of bacteria increased, but total abundance of actinomycetes decreased. The beneficial microbes increased and became dominant while deleterious microbes, particularly Fusarium spp., were inhibited. The main conclusions of this study were that: i) a controlled bio-organic fertilizer stimulated the growth of ecologically beneficial microbes and naturally existing autochthonous antagonistic microbes; and, ii) the beneficial population structure and soil functions recovered following the reconstruction of functional microbial communities. Our results will add more useful information to understand how long-term crop monocultures can lead to detrimental effects on the soil microbial communities that will, in turn, affect the growth of plants and normal soil functions.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether anaerobic metabolites could induce volatile compounds and improve aroma of dried jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Miller). Jujube fruits were incubated in a polyvinyl chloride bag containing 5% CO2 and 95% N2 for up to 168 h at 25 °C and 3 samples were randomly removed every 6 h and oven dried to a moisture content of ≅ 20%. The volatile compounds of control and 5% CO2-pretreated Chinese jujube fruits were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The acetaldehyde and ethanol contents were determined by gas chromatography (GC). The results indicated that a large accumulation of acetaldehyde and ethanol caused changes in aroma composition of dried jujube products and 5% CO2 pretreatment led to an increase in the levels of some compounds, particularly esters, acetaldehydes, and ethanol, whereas the amount of acids were decreased significantly. Principal component analysis showed that integrative scores of 5% CO2 pretreatment at 120 h were the highest, and aroma quality was better than that of the control. Relatively low concentrations of anaerobic respiration metabolites are good for jujube fruit aroma composition.

Background: Algae offer many advantages as biofuel sources including: high growth rates, high lipid content, the ability to grow on non-agricultural land, and the genetic versatility to improve strains rapidly and produce co-products. Research is ongoing to make algae biofuels a more financially attractive energy option; however, it is becoming evident that the economic viability of algae-based fuels may hinge upon high-value co-products. This work evaluated the feasibility of using a co-product, algae extract, as a nutrient source in cell culture media. Results: Algae extract prepared from autolysed Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was found to contain 3.0% protein, 9.2% total carbohydrate, and 3.9% free α-amino acid which is similar to the nutrient content of commercially available yeast extract. The effects of algae extract on the growth and metabolism of laboratory strains of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were tested by substituting algae extract for yeast extract in LB and YPAD growth media recipes. Complex laboratory media supplemented with algae extract instead of yeast extract showed markedly improved effects on the growth and metabolism of common laboratory microorganisms in all cases except ethanol production rates in yeast. Conclusions: This study showed that algae extract derived from C. reinhardtii is similar, if not superior, to commercially available yeast extract in nutrient content and effects on the growth and metabolism of E. coli and S. cerevisiae. Bacto™ yeast extract is valued at USD $0.15-0.35 per gram, if algae extract was sold at similar prices, it would serve as a high-value co-product in algae-based fuel processes.

In this study, we used microarray analysis to investigate the biogenesis and progression of intervertebral disc degeneration. The gene expression profiles of 37 disc tissue samples obtained from patients with herniated discs and degenerative disc disease collected by the National Cancer Institute Cooperative Tissue Network were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes between more and less degenerated discs were identified by significant analysis of microarray. A total of 555 genes were significantly overexpressed in more degenerated discs with a false discovery rate of < 3%. Functional annotation showed that these genes were significantly associated with membrane-bound vesicles, calcium ion binding and extracellular matrix. Protein-protein interaction analysis showed that these genes, including previously reported genes such as fibronectin, COL2A1 and f-catenin, may play key roles in disc degeneration. Unsupervised clustering indicated that the widely used morphology-based Thompson grading system was only marginally associated with the molecular classification of intervertebral disc degeneration. These findings indicate that detailed, systematic gene analysis may be a useful way of studying the biology of intervertebral disc degeneration.

OBJETIVO: Apresentar um desenho de placa em forma de borboleta e sua aplicação no tratamento de fraturas do calcâneo e discutir suas indicações clínicas, vantagens e desvantagens. MÉTODOS: De fevereiro de 2008 a abril de 2010, 22 pacientes com 26 fraturas intra-articulares do calcâneo foram tratados com redução a céu aberto e fixação interna com placa em forma de borboleta. Dezesseis pacientes eram homens e 6 eram mulheres, com média de idade de 36,8 anos. Onze eram pés esquerdos e 15, direitos. De acordo com a classificação de Sanders, 12 eram fraturas de calcâneo Tipo II (inclusive 3 Tipo IIa, 7 Tipo IIb e 2 Tipo IIc) e 14 eram Tipo III (inclusive cinco do Tipo IIIab, 7 Tipo IIIac e duas do Tipo IIIbc). RESULTADOS: Dezessete pacientes (21 pés) foram submetidos a acompanhamento por em média 19,2 meses. Os desfechos funcionais foram avaliados com o sistema Maryland Foot Score. Entre os nove pés com fraturas Tipo II, sete receberam escore excelente e dois, bom. Entre as 12 fraturas Tipo III, seis tiveram escore excelente, cinco, bom e uma, razoável. CONCLUSÃO: A placa em forma de borboleta é aplicável ao tratamento de fraturas do calcâneo do Tipo II e Tipo III de Sanders, com a vantagem de garantir fixação confiável, facilitar a cirurgia, produzir menos complicações pós-operatórias e produzir melhores desfechos clínicos gerais. Nível de Evidência IV, Série de casos.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the design of butterfly-shaped plate and its application in treatment for calcaneal fractures, and to discuss its clinical indications, advantages and disadvantages. METHODS: From February 2008 to April 2010, 22 patients with 26 intra-articular calcaneal fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with butterfly-shape plate. Sixteen patients were male and 6 patients were female, with a mean age of 36.8 years. Eleven were left feet and 15, right. According to Sanders classification, 12 were Type II (including 3 Type IIa, 7 Type IIb and 2 Type IIc) and 14 were Type III (including 5 Type IIIab, 7 Type IIIac and 2 Type IIIbc). RESULTS: Seventeen patients (21 feet) were followed-up for an average of 19.2 months. The functional outcomes were assessed using the Maryland Foot Score system. Among the 9 feet with Type II fractures, 7 feet were scored excellent, 2 were good. Among the 12 Type III fractures, 6 were scored excellent, 5 were good, and one was fair. CONCLUSION: The butterfly-shaped plate is applicable to treatment for Sanders Type II and Type III calcaneal fractures, with advantages of ensuring reliable fixation, easier operation, fewer post-operative complications, and better clinical outcomes. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

Microbial degradation of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) is the most promising way to clean up DDT residues found in the environment. In this paper, a bacterium designated as wax, which was capable of co-metabolizing DDT with other carbon sources, was isolated from a long-term DDT-contaminated soil sample by an enrichment culture technique. The new isolate was identified as a member of the Pseudoxanthomonas sp., based on its morphological, physiological and biochemical properties, as well as by 16S rRNA gene analysis. In the presence of 100 mg l-1 glucose, the wax strain could degrade over 95% of the total DDT, at a concentration of 20 mg l-1, in 72 hours, and could degrade over 60% of the total DDT, at a concentration of 100 mg l-1, in 144 hours. The wax strain had the highest degradation efficiency among all of the documented DDT-degrading bacteria. The wax strain could efficiently degrade DDT at temperatures ranging from 20 to 37ºC, and with initial pH values ranging from 7 to 9. The bacterium could also simultaneously co-metabolize 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDD), 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichlorethylene (DDE), and other organochlorine compounds. The wax strain could also completely remove 20 mg kg-1 of DDT from both sterile and non-sterile soils in 20 days. This study demonstrates the significant potential use of Pseudoxanthomonas sp. wax for the bioremediation of DDT in the environment.